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phdguide

Research Design

Choosing and justifying a research design — exploratory, descriptive, correlational, causal/experimental, case study, longitudinal and cross-sectional designs — and matching the design to your research questions.

Put it into practice

Free tools, templates and mentoring connected to research design.

Frequently asked

How do I choose a research design?+

Start from what your questions ask for: to explore meaning you need qualitative designs, to measure and test relationships you need quantitative designs, and to explain mechanism plus measure you may need mixed methods. Feasibility — access, time, sample — then narrows the choice.

What is the difference between cross-sectional and longitudinal design?+

Cross-sectional studies collect data once — a snapshot. Longitudinal studies follow the same subjects across multiple time points, which supports stronger claims about change and causal ordering but costs more time and attrition risk.

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Ethical, compliant guidance

We provide academic support, mentoring, analysis, editing and structuring — not authorship. Your work stays compliant with university policies.